DrTristan Hotham

Politics / The past / Places / Maps

Data-led researcher of politics, the past, platforms and places.Maker of maps, games and other things.

NewWhat Does the World Drink?Born Here Born and Bred? How Local Are MPs?All data stories →

About

Politics, the past and places, through data.

I'm Dr Tristan Hotham, an independent researcher. My PhD looked at how British political parties campaign on Facebook, and I still publish on campaigns and platforms across Europe. I also turn the same toolkit, big open datasets, careful counting and a lot of maps, on history, landscape and weather, in Britain and around the world.

Start with the maps More about me

Portrait of Dr Tristan Hotham, in black and white with red and blue constructivist shapes — Dr Tristan Hotham

Strand oneData storiesInteractive maps of the past, place names, monuments, the coast and the weather, in Britain and around the world. Each comes with a write-up and open data.Explore the maps → Strand twoPolitics & platformsOpen papers on parties, leaders, ads and audiences on Facebook, in Britain, Europe and the US.Read the research → AndOther thingsBrowser games, art, photography and music, made for fun.Play and listen →

Start here

Maps to play with

Four favourites. Each one is a live, interactive map built from open data: search your town, drag a slider, switch a layer.

Land and sea

Drowned and Rising

−30 mand Britain becomes an island

Raise or drop the sea from the Ice Age to an ice-free world and watch Britain change shape.

Open the interactive map →Read the story

Landscape

The Footpath Capital of Britain

7.7miles of path per square mile in Rossendale

Every council in England and Wales ranked by public rights of way. The South Pennine mill towns win.

Open the interactive map →Read the story

Names on the map

Dale, Down, Fell and Beck

Beckin the north. Brook in the south, burn in the Borders

Walk north and the water changes its name: brook, beck, burn. The words Britain uses for its landscape, mapped.

Open the interactive map →Read the story

Romans

How Roman Is Your Road?

5.0%of Britain's A-roads still follow a Roman line

How much of each county's A-roads still follow a Roman line, with a lidar layer to check the ground.

Open the interactive map →Read the story

Data stories

More data stories

The newest first: questions about the past, places, politics, food and the weather. Every study has a map to explore, a write-up and open data. Filter by theme, or let the dice choose.

Everyday life

What Does the World Drink?

1,985 protected drink names, 32,425 wineries, breweries and distilleries and the national drink of 201 countries: the national drink is often tea.

Explore the map →Read Data

People & politics

Born Here

166,586 notable people matched to the UK towns they were born in: the most famous person from each, the towns that punch above their weight, and why so many are hospital towns.

Explore the map →Read Data

People & politics

Born and Bred? How Local Are MPs?

Where 10,094 MPs since 1832 were born, set against the seats they won: for 170 years about a quarter were born in their seat's county, and since 2010 it is 41.9%.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Has Your Surname Left Home?

Where 133,761 notable Britons with each surname were born, 1800s against since 1950: Welsh Joneses and Cornish Tre- names are leaving home, though slowly.

Explore the map →Read Data

People & politics

Who Is Your Town Twinned With?

All 29,437 twin town and sister city links on Wikidata as arcs on one map: a post-war European habit that peaked in 1990 and lost dozens of Russian links after 2022.

Explore the map →Read Data

People & politics

Mentioned in the House

297,134 Commons mentions of UK towns and cities in Hansard since 1909: which places punch above their weight, and who names your constituency.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

The Listed Kingdom

All 465,740 entries on the UK's four lists of listed buildings on one map: mostly Georgian and Victorian houses, with a great many churches at the top.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Signature Species

60.9 million open wildlife records sorted into 118 vice counties, to find the species each one records far more often than the rest of Britain and Northern Ireland.

Explore the map →Read Data

People & politics

Who Won Here?

All 49 UK general elections from 1832 to 2024 on one map: 31,736 seats, the forgotten uncontested elections, the Liberal fall and the Red Wall.

Explore the map →Read Data

Everyday life

What Does the World Eat?

National dishes for 186 countries, breakfasts for 73 and 2,706 regional dishes from fabada in Asturias to takoyaki in Osaka, and why there is no lunch map.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

-ton, -by, Llan- and Bally-

105,532 place names in Britain and Ireland tagged by the English, Norse, Latin, Welsh and Gaelic words inside them: Kil- is a wood far more often than you might think.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Darkest Skies

The glow of the world's lights modelled from satellite images and checked against 6,653 sky meter readings: 52% of people, and 85% in the UK, cannot see the Milky Way from home.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Where Rain Goes

Every place in Britain, Ireland and the world followed downhill to the sea: 50% of Great Britain drains to the North Sea, and 24% of the world's land never reaches the sea at all.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

How Wrong Is Your Clock?

For 76% of the world's people the clock runs ahead of the sun: the gap everywhere, and why winter mornings in Galicia stay dark until after nine.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

High Street or Main Street?

All 913,335 named streets in the UK sorted by name: High Street rules the towns, Main Street the villages of Scotland, Northern Ireland and parts of England.

Explore the map →Read Data

Everyday life

Chips, Curry or Kebab?

62,949 takeaways and 141,306 restaurants on the food hygiene register sorted by what their names sell: the chip shop capital is the seaside, the curry capital Hounslow.

Explore the map →Read Data

Everyday life

Signature Sports

Which sport each country plays far more than the world, from 99,246 clubs: pesäpallo in Finland, tchoukball in Switzerland, hurling in Ireland, speedway in Poland.

Explore the map →Read Data

Everyday life

Born Here, Loved There

573 dog breeds mapped to their countries of origin and set against kennel club registrations: in 8 of 10 countries the favourite dog was born somewhere else.

Explore the map →Read Data

People & politics

School Catchments

Every one of the UK's 27,024 state schools and how much ground each serves: the biggest catchment, Golspie High School, covers 2,215 km².

Explore the map →Read Data

Everyday life

What Britain Drives

42,728,066 MOT tests mapped by make, model and colour: the average British car is a blue Ford Fiesta, Scotland prefers white, and Shetland loves Toyotas.

Explore the map →Read Data

People & politics

Where Would You Go to University?

Every country by where its students most often go to study abroad, 1999 to 2023: old empires still show, Turkey is a magnet, and India has overtaken China in Britain.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Games on the Map

A world map of 6,691 video games tied to real places: New York leads, Japan to the United States is the busiest route from studio to setting, and the Moon beats Mars.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

What Grows Where

Every wood in Great Britain by type, England's public forests by species and planting year, and 88 tree genera worldwide: woodland covers 13.7% of Great Britain, 19.1% of Scotland but 10.3% of England.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

What the World Calls Each Other

54,037 country names in 262 languages: most countries keep something like their own name everywhere, but Germany has six families of names.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Hard Water

Water hardness from 16,682 river, lake and groundwater stations, and a simple model that guesses it from the rocks: Scandinavia's median is 14 mg/l, the Yucatán's 514.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Britain in AD 500

What the ground can place instead of neat kingdoms: 891 pieces of evidence, a sharp east of graves and west of stones, and 24 kingdoms we can name but not draw.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

The Footpath Capital

Every council in England and Wales by miles of public footpath per square mile: Rossendale tops it at 7.7, and the South Pennine mill towns fill the top ten.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

The Rocks Beneath

A geological map of the British Isles and the world in the colours of 1969: Carboniferous rocks cover 17.5% of Great Britain, and England's layers get younger all the way to London.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Drowned and Rising

A bathtub model of every sea level from the Ice Age to an ice-free world: Britain becomes an island at −30 m, and at +70 m a third of the UK is under water.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

How Many Months Are Pleasantly Warm?

Months with afternoon highs of 18 to 27 °C: the average city dweller gets 3.6 a year now and 2.9 by 2041 to 2060. Pick your own band.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Sun and Rain: the World

The world's sunshine against its rainfall: only 3% of land is both sunny and wet, and 84% is sunnier than anywhere in the UK.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Sun and Rain: the UK

Every square kilometre of the UK by sunshine and rainfall at once. Since 1961 to 1990 the country has become 5.6% sunnier and 7.2% wetter.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

When Did Your Town Last See a Total Eclipse?

Every path of totality across Britain and Ireland from AD 1000 to 2200, tested for 17,103 places: for most towns the last was in 1715 or 1724.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Governing on the Move

King John and Edward I mapped night by night: John moved on 42% of the days we can follow him, Edward on 23%.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

The Turnpike Towns

England's 1,245 turnpike trusts and 10,927 surviving milestones and toll houses: did the towns on the turnpikes grow faster? Not that the data show.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

What’s the King on Your Postbox?

The royal cypher on 61,435 UK post boxes: 3,614 still carry Victoria's VR and 143 Edward VIII's.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Britain’s Earthquakes Since 1382

All 7,032 quakes in the BGS catalogues: a magnitude 4 about every 3 years, and the busiest modern zones were coalfields.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

The Lido Boom and Bust

An open register of 73 British lidos: 33 of 49 dated openings came in the 1930s, and 14 closed pools have reopened.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Did the Pits Closing Still Show?

167 of 196 deep mines closed between 1984 and 1994. Forty years on, pit towns have 2.0 points more adults long-term sick than similar towns.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Bombs on Britain

All 61,542 civilians on the CWGC's Second World War roll for the UK, town by town: 51% died outside London.

Explore the map →Read Data

Land & sky

Where Are Britain’s Oldest Trees?

1,626 notable trees on OpenStreetMap: oaks dominate, yews hug the old churches, and giants stand in the royal forests.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Ring the Changes

All 7,262 rings of change-ringing bells in Dove's Guide, mapped: jubilees, world wars and seven centuries of bell founding.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

How Many Names on Your War Memorial?

First World War names on 14,119 community memorials: 18.3 for every 1,000 people living there today, and only 36 small places record no dead.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Did the Railway Invent the Seaside?

Britain's resorts were already growing 1.6% a year before the railway came. The line brought a burst in its first decade.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Captain Swing

3,117 Swing riot incidents of 1830: parishes with a threshing machine were twice as likely to riot, but 90% of riotous parishes had none.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Market Towns That Failed

All 2,173 medieval market places in England and Wales, followed to today: 665 are towns, 1,168 villages, and a few are fields or sea.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Britain’s Last Line of Defence

14,690 pillboxes and defences of 1940: the planned German landing beaches had 2.3 times the average density.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Did Beeching Kill Your Town?

3,331 stations closed from 1955 to 1975, and 643 towns lost every one. They are a little poorer and more car-bound today, but did not fall off a cliff.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

From Domesday Mills to Modern Mills

6,172 mills in Domesday Book: places that had one are 3.9 times as likely to have a watermill nearby today, but not a windmill.

Explore the map →Read Data

Prehistory

Ley Lines, Tested

50,822 churches, barrows, stones, hillforts and wells against random points: crowding, not planning, explains the leys.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Barm, Bap, Cob or Roll?

20,038 dialect survey answers mapped into Britain's bread roll lines, checked against the high street.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Where the Devil Lives

107 Devil place names in Britain: 31% lie within 1 km of a prehistoric monument, against 19% of comparable places.

Explore the map →Read Data

Prehistory

Did Fairy Belief Protect Ireland’s Ringforts?

31,431 ringforts set against barrows, enclosures and moated sites: the fairies left few fingerprints.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Haunted, or Just Old?

260 reportedly haunted places against 40,409 top listed buildings: castles and inns are 9 times as common among them, churches almost vanish.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Giants in the Landscape

331 giant places in Britain and Ireland: giants own graves, not mountains.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Great Fires

102 great town fires, 63% of them in the 1600s and 1700s: did the towns that burned rebuild bigger? Not clearly.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Who Gets a Blue Plaque?

6,476 plaques across the UK and all 1,037 English Heritage plaques in London: 16% honour women, but 54% of those since 2020.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Rotten Boroughs: Where Are They Now?

The 56 boroughs the 1832 Reform Act abolished, followed to today: 25 are villages, a hamlet or an empty hill.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Minted

England's Anglo-Saxon and Norman mint towns from 70,995 coins: were they still the big towns in 1377, 1801 and today?

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Canal Mania

Did England's canal towns boom, and do they still lead? Bigger today, not richer.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Here Be Dragons

Britain's dragon legends and place names: they cling to the parish church, not the barrow or the river.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Cholera 1849

Farr's elevation law, Snow's pump and whether London's worst-hit districts are still the poorest.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

The Roman Commuter Belt?

617 Roman villas against today's household income: a premium that is almost all geography.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Laid Waste: the Harrying of the North

Where Domesday's 'waste' fell after 1069 to 1070, and how faint its scar is today.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Fire on the Hills

Could the Armada beacons carry the news? 193 beacon hills and the lines of sight between them.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Ford or Bridge?

Every ford and bridge place name in Britain against the census and income: Oxford waded, Cambridge built.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Gallows Hill

Where Britain put its gallows: 340 names measured for height, roads, towns and boundaries.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

The Conquest in Castles

How fast Norman castles spread across Britain after Hastings, decade by decade.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

From Saint to Wish

3,440 holy and wishing wells in Britain and Ireland: their saints, languages, cures and offerings.

Explore the map →Read Data

Prehistory

Still Standing

6,837 buildings from before AD 1100 on one map, and what kept them standing.

Explore the map →Read

History

There and Back Again

43 great journeys from 600 BC to 1947, mapped and graded by the evidence that they happened.

Explore the map →Read

Prehistory

Same Shape, Different Millennia

Every stone circle in Europe's open data, sorted into traditions and dated.

Explore the map →Read

Prehistory

Is the Barrow a European Thing?

99,049 burial mounds from Ireland to the steppe, with radiocarbon dates.

Explore the map →Read

Prehistory

The Megalith Highway

13,280 megalithic monuments: did the idea of the great stone tomb travel by sea?

Explore the map →Read

History

What Became of the Abbeys?

808 houses Henry VIII closed, traced to what stands on their sites today.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Whose Church Is It?

279,212 churches in twelve Western European countries, sorted by patron saint.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Where Was the Battle?

88 proposed sites for 18 lost battles of early Britain, scored against the texts.

Explore the map →Read

Names

Silver and Names

Viking hoards against Norse place names: they mostly agree, except in Lincolnshire.

Explore the map →Read

History

Cold Years, Witch Years?

Scotland's 3,840 accused witches: did the panics follow cold years? They did not.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

The Villages That Vanished

England's 2,222 deserted medieval villages against Domesday Book.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Bloody Place Names

756 grim names on the OS map against 507 battles: only the Battles mark battlefields.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Whose Ships Sank Where?

106,550 shipwrecks in Europe's seas, 1744 to 1945, by the flag they sailed under.

Explore the map →Read

History

Far From Home

Where each Victoria Cross was won, where its recipient was born, and the distance between.

Explore the map →Read

Names

What Pub Names Remember

Every named pub in Britain, grouped and mapped: Red Lions, Royal Oaks and the names that give a county away.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

The Geography of Saints

17,116 church dedications mapped: Andrew in Scotland, David in Wales, and 98 saints found only in Cornwall.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

Is There a Barrow in Barrow?

Do places named from Old English beorg sit by burial mounds? 129 names against 6,100 scheduled barrows.

Explore the map →Read Data

History

Thankful Villages: Luck or Size?

The parishes where every man came home from the First World War. Small helps, but chance predicts hundreds more.

Explore the map →Read Data

Prehistory

Within Sight

Could Britain and Ireland's 4,147 hillforts see each other? A line-of-sight network across two islands.

Explore the map →Read

History

Did Lighthouses Work?

Shipwrecks before and after the lights were lit on the British and Irish coast, 1700 to 1945.

Explore the map →Read

Names

Dale, Down, Fell and Beck

Walk north and the water changes its name. The words Britain uses for hills, valleys and streams, mapped.

Explore the map →Read

History

Is Domesday Destiny?

Does a place's size in 1086 still predict its size today? 13,000 Domesday places on one map.

Explore the map →Read

Prehistory

The Famous Few

4,147 hillforts, ten years of Wikipedia reading. Eleven sites take half of it, mostly for their castles.

Explore the map →Read

History

How Roman Is Your Road?

How much of each county's A-road network still follows a Roman line, with a lidar layer.

Explore the map →Read Data

Names

The High Ones

The Brigantes, Brigantium and the Celtic word for high, traced across Europe.

Explore the map →Read

Prehistory

Rings in the Rock

Cup-and-ring carvings on Europe's Atlantic edge: where they are, when, and what they might mean.

Explore the map →Read

Prehistory

The Triskell Boom

How an ancient triple spiral became a modern Celtic badge, 3500 BC to today.

Explore the map →Read

Prehistory

Did Detectorists Start a Boom?

UK searches and Portable Antiquities Scheme finds, 2004 to 2026: did a sitcom send people out with metal detectors?

Explore the map →Read Data

See all the data studies →Papers and data

Research

Politics & platforms

My research on parties, leaders and campaigns asks what they actually post, who they reach, and what platforms change. Every paper is open, with a plain-English summary.

Janus-faced campaigning

The big idea from my PhD: one party shows different faces to different audiences, a traditional face on its own pages and a looser, more partisan one through satellite pages and supporters.

Inside the campaign machine →

EuropeDo populists win on Facebook?Ten years of party pages across 17 countries, and what the engagement premium means. ElectionsEngagement is not a pollWhy Facebook interactions did a poor job of forecasting 31 European elections. BritainSame message, thousands of timesWhat British parties actually did with targeted Facebook ads in 2017 and 2019.

Research hub Six ideas from the research Quick answers Videos Research map

Publications

Latest papers

Open-access preprints, each with a DOI, an abstract page and a plain-English summary.

Paper
The Party Page Carried the Message: Fidesz, Viktor Orbán and the Hungarian Opposition on Facebook, 2014 to 2020
Preprint, Zenodo, 2026
Abstract Summary PDF
Paper
Did Brexit Travel? Eurosceptic Parties across Europe on Facebook after the 2016 Referendum
Preprint, Zenodo, 2026
Abstract Summary PDF
Paper
Count the Interactions, Not the Score: What CrowdTangle's Overperforming Score Measures in Archived Facebook Data
Preprint, Zenodo, 2026
Abstract Summary PDF
Paper
Who Keeps the Crowd? Party Splits and Facebook Engagement in Europe, 2011 to 2019
Preprint, Zenodo, 2026
Abstract Summary PDF
Paper
Less Is More? Post Length and Engagement on the Facebook Pages of European Parties and Leaders, 2010 to 2020
Preprint, Zenodo, 2026
Abstract Summary PDF

All publications Research hub

Find me elsewhereOpen the full publications page All papers with abstracts ORCID Google Scholar Zenodo (preprints and data)The Conversation Academia.edu GitHub YouTube

Blog

From the blog

Four favourites: the thesis, a Facebook paper, a map of Britain’s hill and stream names, and the UK’s sunshine against its rain.

Thesis

How do parties use Facebook? My PhD thesis

How UK parties campaigned on Facebook from 2010 to 2018, and where the idea of Janus-faced campaigning comes from.

Read post →

Facebook and politics

Do populists win on Facebook?

669,760 posts from 17 European countries. Populist parties drew about two and a half times the engagement, mostly because they built bigger audiences.

Read post →

Names on the map

Dale, Down, Fell and Beck

Brook in the south, beck in the north, burn in the Borders: where Britain’s words for hills, valleys and streams change.

Read post →

Weather, mapped

Sun and rain: sunny or dull, dry or wet?

Every square kilometre of the UK by sunshine and rainfall at once. Since 1961 to 1990 the country has become 5.6% sunnier and 7.2% wetter.

Read post →

Read the blog →

Media

Press coverage

My research has been reported in the press and discussed on air, and I have commented on platforms and politics for broadcasters.

The Observer Reuters BBC Sky News Evening Standard Andrew Marr Show

See all coverage →

Key posts

Writing

All posts on the blog →

Coverage

Selected coverage

Plus broadcast and radio work with BBC World News, BBC World Service, BBC local radio, LBC and Channel 5 News.

Play

Games, made for fun

Small browser games, from daily games about places in the UK and around the world to the Second World War, neon tactics and art-gallery chaos. Free to play, no download.

Whereabouts World: a world map with numbered guesses closing in on a star in Peru

▶ Play

New · Daily

Whereabouts World

Find the mystery place anywhere on Earth in six goes: a country, a capital, a city, a town, a village or a region. Every guess tells you how far off you are and which way to go, and every miss unlocks a clue, from the climate to the oddest thing about its country.

Play today's Practice

Higher or Lower: World: a world map with Czechia and India highlighted

▶ Play

New · Daily

Higher or Lower: World

Two countries, one number: which is higher? Beer and tea, islands and earthquakes, Olympic medals, IKEA stores and bananas. Sixty-seven measures for every country in the world, ten new pairs each day and an endless mode.

Play today's 10 Endless mode

Whereabouts: a map of the UK with numbered guesses closing in on a mystery town

▶ Play

New · Daily

Whereabouts

Guess the mystery UK town, city, village or county in six goes. Every guess tells you how far off you are and which way to go, and every miss unlocks a clue, from sunshine and house prices to the oddest thing about its council area. Find out what the name means at the end.

Play today's town Practice

Higher or Lower: two council cards, Rossendale or Powys, with the numbers hidden

▶ Play

New · Daily

Higher or Lower

Two places, one number: which is higher? A daily game of UK councils by the numbers, from pay, house prices and pubs to sunshine, the Leave vote, Druids, sheep farms and haunted houses. Sixty-six measures for every council, a map so you know where they are, ten new pairs each day and an endless mode that gets harder as you go.

Play today's 10 Endless mode

Bit-zkrieg: Iron Front '44: American infantry and tanks fight up from Omaha Beach towards the German bunkers

▶ Play

New

Bit-zkrieg: Iron Front '44

Shanghai to Berlin, 1937 to 1945. A turn-based tactics game of the Second World War: 149 historical battles in 23 campaigns, with the real generals, tanks, ships and aircraft, a soundtrack of period recordings, Last Stand, a zombie mode and a map builder. Free in your browser, with a trailer.

Play the game Watch the trailer

▶ Play

Neon Protocol: Uprising

Shin-Pacifica, 2187. The AI built to save the planet has decided the answer is fewer people, and it is recycling the city sector by sector. Lead the Resistance, or play the machine and hear its case. Turn-based tactics and base building in a neon megacity. Version 0.3, playtested by a panel of AIs, with a trailer.

Play the game Watch the trailer

▶ Play

Gallery Gaffer

The night shift, seven masterpieces and one roll of tape. Patch the damage, swat the moths and see off the pigeons, geese and soup-throwing protesters before closing time. A pixel-art arcade game for phone and desktop, with a trailer.

Play the game All games

All games →

Other things I make

Art, music & more

Photography, pictures and music, made for the fun of it, plus every post on the blog.

Art & PhotographyImages and visual experiments.View → MusicTracks and sound projects.Listen → All blog postsEvery post, newest first.Read →

Contact

Let's talk

To get in touch about my research, email me.

Views here are my own.

Email me LinkedIn Google Scholar X Spotify

Short bio and citation

Short bio: Dr Tristan Hotham is an independent, data-led researcher of politics, the past, platforms and places. PhD, University of Bath. Views are my own.

Cite this site: Hotham, T. (2026). Dr Tristan Hotham: research and data stories. https://tristanhotham.com/

Headshot (B&W)Portrait ORCID